They are similar in many respects to Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) meters. These additional features are more than simple automated meter reading (AMR). Similar meters, usually referred to as interval or time-of-use meters, have existed for years, but 'Smart Meters' usually involve real-time or near real-time sensors, power outage notification, and power quality monitoring. The term Smart Meter often refers to an electricity meter, but it also may mean a device measuring natural gas, water or district heating consumption.

4.2.1 Smart Meter Equipment Technical Specifications (SMETS).

3.2 Criticism of Smart Meter Roll-out in the UK.

Wireless communication options in common use include cellular communications, Wi-Fi (readily available), wireless ad hoc networks over Wi-Fi, wireless mesh networks, low power long-range wireless (LoRa), Wize (high radio penetration rate, open, using the frequency 169 MHz) ZigBee (low power, low data rate wireless), and Wi-SUN (Smart Utility Networks). Communications from the meter to the network may be wireless, or via fixed wired connections such as power line carrier (PLC). Such an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) differs from automatic meter reading (AMR) in that it enables two-way communication between the meter and the supplier. Smart meters enable two-way communication between the meter and the central system. Smart meters typically record energy near real-time, and report regularly, short intervals throughout the day. Smart meters communicate the information to the consumer for greater clarity of consumption behavior, and electricity suppliers for system monitoring and customer billing. These integrated systems produce huge amounts of data that are processed, analyzed, and integrated into decision-making models.Itron OpenWay electricity Smart meter with two-way communications for remote reading in use by DTE EnergyДЄ smart meter is an electronic device that records information such as consumption of electric energy, voltage levels, current, and power factor.

This requires the real-time, cross-enterprise collaboration between production systems, information systems, and people. In this way, the smart factory concept ensures that information is delivered and resources are used more efficiently. Industry 4.0 also involves digital modeling through the smart gathering, storage, and processing of data. The smart factory relies on cyber-physical systems (CPS), which link the physical and virtual worlds by communicating through an IT infrastructure, the Internet of Things. The smart factory is a production environment in which the production systems and logistics systems largely organize themselves without human intervention. This happens in the environment of the smart factory. Unlike in traditional production, smart workpieces will control and monitor the production process and, in the final expansion phase, guide themselves autonomously through production. Successful implementation of Industry 4.0 enables distributed, highly automated production.

Smart tool levels